Monday, November 12, 2012

Meristem lateral (meristem samping)

Meristem lateral (meristem samping), terletak sejajar dengan lingkaran organ tempat ditemukannya dan merupakan meristem yang menghasilkan pertumbuhan sekunder, contohnya kambium. Kambium merupakan lapisan sel-sel tumbuhan yang aktif membelah dan terdapat di antara xilem dan floem. Kambium menyebabkan pertumbuhan sekunder. Aktivitas kambium ke arah luar membentuk kulit batang (floem sekunder) dan ke arah dalam membentuk kayu (xilem sekunder). Pada masa pertumbuhan, kambium yang tumbuh ke arah dalam lebih aktif dibandingkan dengan kambium yang tumbuh ke arah luar. Hal ini menyebabkan kulit batang lebih tipis daripada kayu.

Kambium bisa dibedakan menjadi dua macam, yaitu kambium vasikuler dan kambium intervasikuler. Kambium vasikuler adalah kambium yang berada di dalam berkas pengangkut, yaitu di antara xilem dan floem. Sedangkan kambium intervasikuler adalah kambium yang berada di

kambium vasikuler dengan kambium intervasikuler membentuk lingkaran kambium atau kambium vaskuler. Perhatikan gambar 2.2.

Gambar 2.2 Kambium vasikuler dan kambium intervasikuler.

Gambar 2.2 Kambium vasikuler dan kambium intervasikuler.

Selain kambium, jaringan meristem lateral juga dikenal adanya kambium gabus (felogen).
Kambium ini terletak di bawah epidermis batang dan epidermis akar yang tua. Aktivitas
pembelahan kambium gabus ke arah dalam menghasilkan feloderm. Sedangkan ke arah luar
menghasilkan felem.


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