Friday, January 4, 2013

Kerangka Tubuh Manusia

Kerangka manusia tersusun dari tulang-tulang, baik tulang yang panjang maupun tulang pendek. Tulang-tulang tersebut membentuk rangka dalam (endoskeleton) yang berfungsi:
– Memberikan bentuk tubuh.
– Menahan dan menegakkan tubuh.
– Menjaga agar organ tubuh tetap berada di tempatnya.
– Melindungi organ-organ tubuh seperti otak, jantung, dan paru-paru.
– Untuk bergerak ketika dikehendaki otot.
– Menghasilkan sel darah di dalam sumsum tulang. Endoskeleton pada manusia dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu:
– Kerangka sumbu (skeleton aksial): tengkorak dan badan.
– Kerangka apendikular (tangan dan kaki)

1. Jenis Tulang
Tulang merupakan alat gerak pasif karena tidak dapat bergerak tanpa bantuan otot. Berdasarkan jenisnya, tulang dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu tulang rawan (kartilago) dan tulang keras (tulang/osteon/sejati).


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