Saturday, January 12, 2013

Penerapan Gaya Gesekan Dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari

a. Benda pada bidang miring
Jika kita meletakkan benda pada bidang miring ada kemungkinan benda tersebut tetap dalam keadaan diam, yang berarti pada saat itu timbul gaya gesekan pada bidang singgung antara benda dan bidang miring. Gaya apa sajakah yang timbul pada sistem tersebut? Untuk itu perhatikan uraian di bawah.

image 

Gambar 2.2 sebuah benda dengan berat W terletak pada bidang miring dengan sudut kemiringan α. Jika gaya berat W diuraikan menjadi dua komponen didapat W sin α dan W cos α. Jika benda diam atau bergerak searah pada bidang miring, maka N = W cos α. Dari kemungkinan keadaan benda tersebut, jika:

image

b. Jalan datar melingkar

gambar kendaraan melaju pada tikungan

Gambar 2.3 di atas melukiskan sebuah kendaraan yang sedang bergerak pada tikungan jalan datar kasar dengan koefisien gesek = u. Agar kendaraan tidak slip, maka kecepatan maksimum yang diperbolehkan pada kendaraan tersebut dapat dihitung sebagai berikut.

rumus keccepatan maksimum suatu kendaraan

Keterangan:
v = Kecepatan maksimum
μ = Koefisien gesekan bidang singgung.
g = percepatan gravitasi
R = jari - jari lintasan kendaraan

c. Jalan menikung miring kasar

jalan melingkung miring kasar

Gambar 2.4 di atas sebuah kendaraan yang bergerak pada jalan menikung miring kasar dengan koefisien gesek = μ. Kecepatan maksimum yang diperbolehkan untuk kendaraan tersebut agar tidak selip dapat dihitung sebagai berikut.

penerapan gaya gesekan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari

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