Thursday, January 3, 2013

Jaringan Tulang Rawan (Kartilago)

Jaringan tulang rawan pada anak-anak berasal dari jaringan embrional yang disebut mesenkim. Pada orang dewasa berasal dari selaput tulang rawan atau perikondrium yang banyak mengandung kondroblas atau pembentuk selsel tulang rawan. Fungsinya untuk menyokong kerangka tubuh. Ada 3 macam jaringan tulang rawan, yaitu:

imageimage1) Kartilago hialin
Matriks kartilago hialin bening kebiruan. Terdapat pada permukaan tulang sendi, cincin
tulang rawan pada batang tenggorok dan cabang batang tenggorok, ujung tulang rusuk yang melekat
pada tulang dada, dan pada ujung tulang panjang.Kartilago hialin merupakan bagian terbesar dari
kerangka embrio. Selain itu kartilago hialin juga membantu pergerakan persendian, menguatkan saluran pernapasan, memberi kemungkinan pertumbuhan memanjang tulang pipa, dan memberi kemungkinan tulang rusuk bergerak saat bernapas.

2) Kartilago fibrosa
Matriks kartilago fibrosa berwarna gelap dan keruh. Jaringan ini terdapat pada perekatan
ligamen-ligamen tertentu pada tulang, persendian tulang pinggang, dan pada pertautan antartulang
kemaluan kiri dan kanan. Fungsi utama untuk memberikan proteksi dan penyokong.

3) Kartilago elastis
Matriks kartilago elastis berwarna keruh kekuning-kuningan. Jaringan ini terdapat pada daun telinga, epiglotis, pembuluh, dan laring.


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